Credit and Service Cooperatives

Credit and Service Cooperatives (CCSs) are a type of cooperative organization for peasant farmers in Cuba.


 * "Credit and Service Cooperatives (CCSs) are made up of peasant families who own their own farms and work them individually, but group together in the CCS to achieve economies of scale in marketing harvests, obtaining credit, sharing farm machinery, etc."

According to a book published in 2001, CCSs "now cover some 980,000 hectares with more than 168,000 members. Using the numbers given, the average farm size within Cuba's CCSs is 5.8 hectares.

Related Sourcewatch articles

 * Special Period in Time of Peace
 * Organic Agriculture in Cuba During the Special Period
 * Agriculture Production Cooperatives (CPAs)
 * National Small Farmers Association of Cuba (ANAP)

External Resources

 * Peter Michael Rosset, Braulio Machín Sosa, Adilén María Roque Jaime & Dana Rocío Ávila Lozano, "The Campesino-to-Campesino agroecology movement of ANAP in Cuba: social process methodology in the construction of sustainable peasant agriculture and food sovereignty," Journal of Peasant Studies, Volume 38, Issue 1, 2011, p. 161-191.