Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court was "created by section 103(a) of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1803(a)). It was originally comprised of seven district judges from seven circuits named by the Chief Justice of the United States to serve a maximum of 7 years. In 2001, the U.S.A. Patriot Act I (section 208) amended the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act to increase the number of FIS Court judges from seven to eleven, 'of whom no fewer than 3 shall reside within 20 miles of the District of Columbia.'"

2005 Membership

 * Colleen Kollar-Kotelly, Presiding, D.D.C., 5/19/02-5/18/2009
 * Dee D. Benson, D-Utah, 5/04-5/11
 * Robert C. Broomfield, D-Arizona, 10/01/02-5/18/2009
 * James G. Carr, N.D.-Ohio 5/19/02-5/18/2008
 * John E. Conway, D-New Mexico, 5/19/02-5/18/2007
 * Michael J. Davis, J.D.-Minnesota, 5/18/99-5/18/2006
 * Nathaniel M. Gorton, D-Massachusetts, 5/18/01-5/18/2008
 * Claude M. Hilton, E.D.-Virginia, 5/18/01-5/18/2007
 * Malcolm Howard, N.C., 2005-2012
 * George P. Kazen, S.D.-Texas, 5/18/03-5/18/2010
 * James Robertson, D.D.C., 5/19/02-5/18/2006

SourceWatch Resources

 * Bush administration warrantless wiretapping (The Bush administration's false FISA defense)
 * Department of Justice
 * Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review
 * George W. Bush's domestic spying
 * National Security Surveillance Act of 2006
 * Patriot Act II
 * USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005