Horn of Africa

The Horn of Africa is defined as "a peninsula of northeastern Africa (the easternmost part of Africa) comprising Somalia and Djibouti and Eritrea and parts of Ethiopia" and is also known as the "Somali peninsula", according to hyperdictionary.com.

Since at least November 2002, the Horn of Africa has been a focus of attention by the United States, France, Germany, and eleven African nations regarding the war on terrorism.

Related SourceWatch Resources

 * arc of instability
 * Combined Joint Task Force-Horn of Africa
 * Pan-Sahel Initiative
 * Pax Americana, Africa
 * water wars

General

 * Regional Country Analysis Brief: Horn of Africa, U.S. Department of Energy.
 * Horn of Africa on the Internet, Stanford University.
 * Horn of Africa and 2006 Horn of Africa food crisis in the Wikipedia.

History

 * Ancient Horn of Africa: Axum (Aksum) (4th - 7th c. A.D.), University of Alabama at Birmingham.
 * The History of the Horn of Africa, Hartford Web Publishing.

News Sources

 * afrol News (African News Agency).
 * allAfrica.com.
 * AND (African News Dimension) Network.
 * IRIN News.org&mdash;UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
 * Horn of Africa News Agency/Horn of Africa News (English).
 * Horn of Africa, Voice of America News.

Status & Reports

 * Horn of Africa: An On-going Humanitarian Crisis.
 * Horn of Africa Mission (HOAM).
 * Horn of Africa Services (HOAS).
 * Horn of Africa Rural Development.
 * Horn Relief.
 * Horn of Africa, International Crisis Group.
 * Horn of Africa NGO Network for Development.
 * Horn of Africa: Land Rights and Horn of Africa: Programs, Oxfam International.
 * Horn of Africa Drought, ReliefWeb. Current status.
 * Horn of Africa Floods, UNICEF.
 * Horn of Africa Food Crisis, Reuters AlertNet. Current articles.
 * The Greater Horn of Africa Initiative and Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS), U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID).
 * Long-term action plan: Strategy to End Hunger in the Horn of Africa, Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations, October 31, 2000.
 * Terrence Lyons, "Avoiding Conflict in the Horn of Africa. U.S. Policy Toward Ethiopia and Eritrea," Council on Foreign Relations Press, December 2006. Downloadable pdf.

Maps

 * NASA Map from Space.
 * USGS Map: Horn of Africa.
 * Maps: WHO Emergency and Humanitarian Action.
 * UN Cartographic Map (April 2003)

War on Terrorism

 * "Operation Enduring Freedom - Horn of Africa / Djibouti," GlobalSecurity.org, undated.
 * "Terrorism in the Horn of Africa," United States Institute of Peace, January 2004.
 * Robert I. Rotberg, ed., "Battling Terrorism in the Horn of Africa," Brookings Institution Press and the World Peace Foundation, 2005.

1989

 * Michael Johns, "Preserving American Security Ties to Somalia," Heritage Foundation, December 26, 1989.

2001

 * Jean-Louis Peninou, "Ethiopia and Eritrea - Under Notice from the US: Horn of Africa: al-Qaida regroups?" Le monde diplomatique, December 2001: "Sudan and Somalia are likely to be on Washington's list of world terrorist targets, and it could also launch military operations in the Horn of Africa, where al-Qaida's links are well-established, although little known."

2003

 * Eritrea & Ethiopia - The Horn of Africa War: Mass Expulsions and the Nationality Issue (June 1998 - April 2002), Human Rights Watch, January 2003.
 * Damian Zane, "Horn of Africa peace 'in danger'," BBC, July 31, 2003: "The head of the United Nations mission overseeing the Ethiopia-Eritrea peace process, Unmee, has said it is in danger without political dialogue between the two countries."
 * Yusuf Mohamed, "Confederation of the Horn of Africa, Who Will Be Fooled?" Ayaamaha Press Online, October 8, 2003.

2004

 * "Ending Famine in Horn of Africa," Office of the White House Press Secretary, June 10, 2004.

2005

 * "Drought in the Horn of Africa," Geotimes, April 29, 2005.
 * Michela Wrong, "How Horn of Africa brothers fell out," BBC, December 15, 2005.

2006

 * Anna Badkhen, "Aid agencies' primary concern is water. Cost of a 20-quart jug has soared from 10 cents to 50 cents in eastern Kenya," San Francisco Chronicle, April 4, 2006.
 * Jim Garamone, "Admiral Cites Complexity in Horn of Africa Mission," American Forces Press Service, April 24, 2006.
 * Simon Robinson, "Is a New Islamic War Brewing in Africa?" TIME Magazine, July 24, 2006: "As war rages in the Middle East, concerns are growing about the Horn of Africa, where tensions are on the rise between Islamic fundamentalists in Somalia and their neighbors in Ethiopia."
 * "The Horn of Africa. The path to ruin. A region endangered by Islamists, guns and its own swelling population," The Economist, August 10, 2006.
 * "Horn of Africa's troubles could make the region a major front in the war on terror," Associated Press (International Herald Tribune), October 19, 2006.
 * Amelie Bottollier-Depois, "New EU strategy targets Horn of Africa instability," Mail & Guardian Online, October 20, 2006.
 * Chris Tomlinson, "Horn of Africa May Be Next Terror Front," Washington Post, October 21, 2006.
 * "Flooding emergency in the Horn of Africa: major health risks," WHO, December 8, 2006.
 * Xan Rice, "Clashes fuel fears of war in Horn of Africa. Fierce fighting between the Islamist militias and government forces in Somalia threatens to ignite the whole region," The Observer (UK), December 10, 2006.
 * James Butty, "Avoiding Conflict in the Horn of Africa," VOA News, December 22, 2006. Interview with Terrence Lyons.
 * Alex Perry, "The War for the Horn of Africa," TIME Magazine, December 27, 2006: "Ethiopian troops are closing in on Somalia's capital in a proxy battle in the war between the West and Islamist extremists."
 * Andrew Cawthorne, "Horn of Africa flare-up pits three 'dogs of war'," Gulf Times, December 27, 2006.