Linus Pauling

Linus Pauling (born February 28 1901; died August 19, 1994) was a Nobel Prize winning scientist.

In 1954 he won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his "research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances." He was also the winner of the 1962 Nobel Peace Prize. In the presentation speech, the Chairman of the Nobel Committee, Gunnar Jahn stated that "ever since 1946 [Pauling] has campaigned ceaselessly, not only against nuclear weapons tests, not only against the spread of these armaments, not only against their very use, but against all warfare as a means of solving international conflicts."

Shortly after receiving the Nobel Peace Prize in October 1962, Pauling took up a research position at the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions. One of the projects he worked on was called "The Triple Revolution," "a liberal proposal to change American society in response to recent advances in weaponry, automation, and human rights." Pauling took a leave of absence from the CSDI in 1967 and in September started working on his own vitamin related project in September at the UC campus at San Diego.

Pauling is one of only two people to have earned Nobels in two different fields


 * Member, Committee of 100 for Tibet
 * Former Board of Sponsors, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
 * Founder, Linus Pauling Institute
 * Advisory Board, Nutritional Consultants Organization of Canada

Pauling and tobacco
Dr. Pauling drew the attention of tobacco companies for statements he made about the relative dangers of cigarette smoking. Pauling said that a pack-a-day smoker cuts his life expectancy by eight years, a two-pack-a-day smoker by 16 years, and that smoking one cigarette reduces life expectancy by 14.4 to 14.8 minutes. He also said and that a nonsmoker is three times as safe flying in a jet liner as a person sitting at home smoking a cigarette.

Biographies

 * Goertzel, Ted; Ben Goertzel (1995). Linus Pauling: A Life in Science and Politics. Basic Books.
 * Hager, Thomas (1995). Force of Nature: The Life of Linus Pauling. Simon & Schuster.
 * Hager, Thomas (1998). Linus Pauling and the Chemistry of Life. Oxford University Press.
 * Marinacci, Barbara; Ramesh Krishnamurthy (1998). Linus Pauling on Peace. Rising Star Press.
 * Mead, Clifford; Thomas Hager (eds.) (2001). Linus Pauling: Scientist and Peacemaker. Oregon State University Press.
 * Serafini, Anthony (1989). Linus Pauling: A Man and His Science. Paragon House

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