Center for Civilian Biodefense Strategies

The Center for Biosecurity of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) is an independent, nonprofit organization which researches "ways that lessen the illness, death, and civil disruption that would follow large-scale epidemics, whether they occur naturally or result from the use of a biological weapon." The Center has been criticized for overstating the bioterrorist threat to extract more federal dollars for biodefense.

The Center was formerly known as the Center for Civilian Biodefense Strategies.

Projects and Criticism
Under then-CEO Tara O'Toole (currently Under Secretary for the Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate), the Center produced two simulated exercises that purported to show America woefully underprepared for a bioterror attack.

In June 2001, the Center produced Dark Winter, an exercise that simulated how a single smallpox outbreak could threaten millions of lives in 15 countries. In 2005, it helped produce Atlantic Storm (interactive website here), another exercise simulating the medical, social, political, and economic disruption that could arise from an international epidemic, and highlighting the need for advance planning.

An Army War College report later found that both exercises overstated the extent of the threat. According to the report, Dark Winter tripled the normal transmission rate for smallpox — “mak[ing] it next to impossible for the game players to do very much to contain the outbreak, and assur[ing] a disastrous outcome irrespective of whatever control measures the players may attempt to carry out.”, Atlantic Storm had similar issues. According to the report, it made “grossly misleading assumptions” about the ease of creation and dispersion of the same biological agent — assuming bioterrorists would enjoy a capability that neither the Americans nor Soviets could achieve at the heights of the Cold War.

Mission
The Center says its mission "is to strengthen national security by reducing the risks posed by biological attacks, epidemics, and other destabilizing events, and to improve the nation’s resilience in the face of such events." The Center says it "conducts innovative research and delivers reliable analyses that:
 * assess the threats and challenges posed by biological weapon attacks, large-scale epidemics, and other large disasters;
 * identify key barriers and solutions to prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery across the public and private sectors;
 * advance the development of new technologies, medicines, and vaccines to deal with these challenges; and
 * improve global public health and security.

Their mission circa 2008 included:
 * "Provide independent, critical research and analysis for decision makers in government, national security, bioscience, medicine, public health, and private industry
 * Build international networks of scientists, medical and public health practitioners, scholars, and decision makers to improve communication about biosecurity, create common objectives, and facilitate development of new knowledge
 * Propose, design, build, test, and promulgate essential operational systems needed to manage the response to bioattacks and mass casualty epidemics
 * Develop scenarios for decision makers that illustrate key challenges in epidemic preparedness and response and offer possible paths forward
 * Promote the responsible use and governance of increasingly powerful bioscience and biotechnologies;"

Executive Officers

 * Thomas V. Inglesby, MD, Director and Chief Executive Officer
 * Anita Cicero, JD, Deputy Director and Chief Operating Officer

Past Executive Officers
 * Tara O'Toole, M.D., M.P.H., Chief Executive Officer and Director (currently Under Secretary for Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology division, the research and development arm of the Department of Homeland Security).

Distinguished Scholars

 * D. A. Henderson, M.D., M.P.H.

Past Distinguished Scholar
 * Richard E. Waldhorn, M.D.

Senior Associates and Associates

 * Gigi Kwik Gronvall, PhD, Senior Associate
 * Ann Norwood, MD, COL, USA, MC (Ret), Senior Associate
 * Monica Schoch-Spana, Ph.D, Senior Associate
 * Brad Smith, PhD, Senior Associate
 * Eric Toner, M.D., Senior Associate
 * Amesh Adalja, MD, Associate
 * Brooke Courtney, JD, MPH, Associate
 * Jennifer Nuzzo, SM, Associate

Past Senior Associates and Associates
 * Luciana Borio, M.D.
 * Joseph Fitzgerald, M.H.S., M.P.H.
 * Penny J. Hitchcock, D.V.M., M.S.
 * Colonel Randall Larsen, USAF (Ret)
 * Beth Maldin, M.P.H.

Analysts

 * Crystal Franco MPH, Senior Analyst
 * Nidhi Bouri, Analyst
 * Kunal Rambhia, Analyst
 * Tara Kirk Sell, MA, Analyst
 * Matt Watson, Analyst
 * Sam Wollner, Analyst
 * Ryan Morhard, Analyst Intern

Past Analysts
 * Michael Mair, M.P.H., Senior Analyst
 * Allison Chamberlain
 * Clarence Lam
 * Jennifer Nuzzo, S.M.

Contact
The Center for Biosecurity of UPMC The Pier IV Building 621 E. Pratt Street, Suite 210 Baltimore, Maryland 21202 Phone: (443) 573-3304 Fax: (443) 573-3305 Web: http://www.upmc-biosecurity.org/