Operation Enduring Freedom

Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) is the "military response to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States ... assigned the name Operation Enduring Freedom, [it] was previously planned to have been called Operation Infinite Justice (this name is believed to have been changed following concerns that this might offend the Muslim community as Islam teaches that Allah is the only one who can provide Infinite Justice)."

Background: OEF Launched
OEF commenced on October 7, 2001, with "early combat operations operations [including] a mix of air strikes from land-based B-1, B-2 and B-52 bombers; carrier-based F-14 and F/A-18 fighters; and Tomahawk cruise missiles launched from both U.S. and British ships and submarines."

OEF Military Objectives
"The initial military objectives of Operation Enduring Freedom, as articulated by President George W. Bush in his Sept. 20th Address to a Joint Session of Congress and his Oct. 7th address to country, include the destruction of terrorist training camps and infrastructure within Afghanistan, the capture of al Qaeda leaders, and the cessation of terrorist activities in Afghanistan." 

Related SourceWatch Resources

 * failed state
 * Operation Infinite justice
 * Iraq Coalition Casualty Statistics
 * NATO
 * Operation Iraqi Freedom
 * Operation Iraqi Freedom: Year Four
 * Opium economy in Afghanistan
 * stop-loss order
 * United Nations
 * U.S. Central Command
 * The Other War: Afghanistan
 * War on terrorism
 * Weapons of mass destruction

Websites

 * The Osama Clock, Buzzflash: "It's been xyz days since Bush said he'd catch Osama bin Laden."
 * Operation Enduring Freedom at U.S. Central Command web site.
 * Operation Enduring Freedom, U.S. Army web site.
 * Operation Enduring Freedom, Global Security.
 * Operation Enduring Freedom, Center for Defense Information.
 * Operations Enduring Freedom/Noble Eagle, U.S. Navy web site. Contains numerous web links.
 * Operations Enduring Freedom/Noble Eagle, U.S. Air Force web site.
 * U.S. Marine Corps web site.
 * War on Terrorism Summary: Operation Enduring Freedom Casualties (as of 22 October 2003), prepared by Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports.

General Articles & Commentary

 * Defend America, U.S. Department of Defense web site for daily news items.
 * Robert K. Ackerman, "Operation Enduring Freedom Redefines Warfare," The Fight for Freedom, no date.
 * Carl Conetta, "Operation Enduring Freedom: Why a Higher Rate of Civilian Bombing Casualties," Project on Defense Alternatives Briefing Report #11, January 18, 2002 (revised January 24, 2002).
 * George W. Bush, "Operation Enduring Freedom. One Year of Accomplishments,", White House, October 7, 2002.
 * Department of Defense News Releases, November/December 2003. DoD News Release Archives, October 1994-Present.
 * DoD News Photos (November 7, 2001 to May 9, 2003.

2001

 * Rahul Bedi, "India joins anti-Taliban coalition," Jane's, March 15, 2001.
 * "India in anti-Taliban military plan. India and Iran will 'facilitate' the planned US-Russia hostilities against the Taliban," News Insight (India), June 26, 2001.
 * George Arney, "US 'planned attack on Taleban'," BBC, September 18, 2001.
 * "NBC TODAY" Interview with General Tommy R. Franks, Operation Enduring Freedom Commander, November 1, 2001.
 * Julio Godoy, "US policy on Taliban influenced by oil," Asia Times, November 20, 2001.