U.S. Northern Command

U.S. Northern Command (USNORTHCOM), headquartered at Peterson Air Force Base in Colorado Springs, Colorado, was established in 2002 by the Department of Defense to consolidate under a single unified command existing missions that were previously executed by other military organizations.

"The new command was given responsibility for the continental United States, Canada, Mexico, portions of the Caribbean and the contiguous waters in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans up to 500 miles off the North American coastline. NorthCom's mandate is to 'provide a necessary focus for [continental] aerospace, land and sea defenses, and critical support for [the] nation’s civil authorities in times of national need.'"

Current Command

 * Commander: Gen. Gene Renuart, USAF (Bio)
 * Deputy Commander: Lt. Gen. William G. Webster Jr., USA (Bio)
 * Chief of Staff: Maj. Gen. Paul J. Sullivan, USAF (Bio)
 * Command Senior Enlisted Leader: Command Sgt. Maj. Daniel R. Wood, USA (Bio)

First Command

 * Commander: Admiral Timothy J. Keating, United States Navy (Bio)
 * "On November 5, 2004, Admiral Timothy J. Keating became the first Navy admiral and the 2nd combatant commander of U.S. Northern Command. He is also the commander of the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD)."


 * Deputy Commander: Lieutenant General Joseph R. Inge, United States Army (Bio)
 * Command Sergeant Major: D. Scott Frye, United States Marine Corps (Bio)

Mission
The mission of the U.S. Northern Command is "homeland defense and civil support, specifically: Conduct operations to deter, prevent, and defeat threats and aggression aimed at the United States, its territories, and interests within the assigned area of responsibility; and, as directed by the President or Secretary of Defense, provide military assistance to civil authorities including consequence management operations."

"U.S. Northern Command plans, organizes, and executes homeland defense and civil support missions, but has few permanently assigned forces. The command will be assigned forces whenever necessary to execute missions as ordered by the President. Approximately 500 civil service employees and uniformed personnel representing all service branches provide this essential unity of command."

In a March 13, 2003, briefing General Ralph E. Eberhart, commander of U.S. Northern Command and the North American Aerospace Defense Command, [http://www.af.mil/news/Mar2003/31303903.shtml. described] to members of the House Armed Services Committee "how USNORTHCOM and other organizations counter threats to homeland security ... [and] how the organization provides 'unity of command' for U.S. military actions to counter threats against homeland security."

"Besides conducting operations to deter, prevent and defeat threats and aggression aimed at the United States, its territories and interests, USNORTHCOM also provides military assistance to civil authorities as directed, ... 'When we work with civil authorities, we will most likely be in a support role to the lead federal agency, providing one-stop shopping for federal military assistance,' Eberhart said."

Homeland Security vs Homeland Defense
According to the USNORTHCOM web site:

"Homeland security (HLS) is not the same as homeland defense (HLD). Homeland security is the prevention, preemption, and deterrence of, and defense against, aggression targeted at U.S. territory, sovereignty, domestic population, and infrastructure as well as the management of the consequences of such aggression and other domestic emergencies.

"Homeland security is a national team effort that begins with local, state and federal organizations. DoD and NORTHCOM's HLS roles include homeland defense and civil support.

"Homeland defense is the protection of U.S. territory, domestic population and critical infrastructure against military attacks emanating from outside the United States. In understanding the difference between HLS and HLD, it is important to understand that NORTHCOM is a military organization whose operations within the United States are governed by law, including the Posse Comitatus Act that prohibits direct military involvement in law enforcement activities. Thus, NORTHCOM's missions are limited to military homeland defense and civil support to lead federal agencies."

Op Plans

 * William M. Arkin, "Today in DC: Commandos in the Streets?" Early Warning/Washington Post, September 21, 2005. re Operation Granite Shadow and CONPLAN 0400, "formally titled Counter-Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction."

Contact details
Website: U.S. Northern Command: http://www.northcom.mil/

Related SourceWatch articles

 * Department of Homeland Security
 * Homeland Security drills and exercises
 * Joint Protection Enterprise Network
 * North American Union
 * U.S.-Canada Binational Planning Group
 * Weapons of mass destruction

External articles

 * "U.S. to create North American command zone," CBC News (Canada), April 17, 2002.
 * "Homeland Security: Establishment and Implementation of the United States Northern Command" prepared by Scott Shepherd and Steve Bowman, Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division, The Library of Congress, Congressional Research Service Report for Congress, Updated February 10, 2005.
 * Bradley Graham, "War Plans Drafted To Counter Terror Attacks in U.S. Domestic Effort Is Big Shift for Military," Washington Post, August 8, 2005.
 * "U.S. special ops forces on American soil," Think Progress, June 21, 2007.